..., instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Austria da Vinci Europe Germany Indications Marketing Prevalence Surgical procedures Robot assisted laparoscopy Robotics Switzerland Urology Since the introduction of robot-assisted laparoscopy (RAL) into urologic...

..., quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Ureteral calculi Ureteroscopy Surgical procedures Minimally invasive...

... of surgical procedures are scarcely higher than those resulting from the spontaneous progression of metastatic renal carcinoma (12 months). Thus, there is an urgent need for further studies in order to define the indication for the surgical management of metastasis. 3 12 1999 © 1999 S. Karger AG...