... in the endoscopic treatment of urolithiasis. In modern medicine, radiation exposure from diagnostics and therapy is increasing; however, the impact of UAS on procedure duration, fluoroscopy time, and radiation exposure is still uncertain. Methods: This retrospective study included 1,026 patients who received...

... ]. However, the high costs and radiation exposure of CT have been a cause of concern in recent years [ 5, 6 ]. Ultrasonography (US) has the advantages of low cost and lack of radiation. With improvements in US technology, the accuracy of UC diagnosis has significantly improved [ 7, 8 ]. Whether US can...

...Marios Hadjipavlou; Vincent Lam; Jai Seth; Faqar Anjum; Seshadri Sriprasad Introduction and Objectives: Stone formers often have a chronic exposure to significant quantities of ionising radiation from radiological investigations and interventions. Predicting radiation exposure would allow...