Fig. 1. Flow diagram of study selection. PRISMA flowchart illustrating the process of study identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion. More about this image found in Flow diagram of study selection. PRISMA flowchart illustrating the process ...

Fig. 2. Forest plot of the effect of NHT plus RP versus RP alone on PSM rates. Subgroup analysis of PSM by country of origin. The effect of NHT + RP versus RP alone stratified by geographic location. Subgroup analysis of PSM by treatment duration. Comparison of short-term (<6 months) and lon... More about this image found in Forest plot of the effect of NHT plus RP versus RP alone on PSM rates. Subg...

Fig. 3. Forest plot comparing the effect of NHT + RP versus RP alone on pCR rates. Subgroup analysis of pCR by sample size. Subgroup analysis of pCR by country of origin. Subgroup analysis of pCR by study quality. Subgroup analysis of pCR by treatment duration. More about this image found in Forest plot comparing the effect of NHT + RP versus RP alone on pCR rates. ...

Fig. 4. Forest plot comparing the effect of NHT + RP versus RP alone on MRD. Subgroup analysis of MRD by sample size. Subgroup analysis of MRD by country of origin. Subgroup analysis of MRD by study quality. Subgroup analysis of MRD by treatment duration. More about this image found in Forest plot comparing the effect of NHT + RP versus RP alone on MRD. Subgro...

Fig. 5. Forest plot comparing NHT + RP versus RP alone on MFS. More about this image found in Forest plot comparing NHT + RP versus RP alone on MFS.

Fig. 6. Forest plot comparing NHT + RP versus RP alone on PSA-PFS. More about this image found in Forest plot comparing NHT + RP versus RP alone on PSA-PFS.

Fig. 7. Risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool across included RCTs. More about this image found in Risk of bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool across included RCTs....

Fig. 8. Baujat plot for heterogeneity analysis across 10 studies. The X-axis represents the contribution of each study to the overall heterogeneity (Q statistic), and the Y-axis reflects the influence of each study on the overall effect size. More about this image found in Baujat plot for heterogeneity analysis across 10 studies. The X-axis repres...

Fig. 9. Funnel plot for publication bias assessment. Egger’s and Begg’s tests showed no significant publication bias. More about this image found in Funnel plot for publication bias assessment. Egger’s and Begg’s tests showe...

Fig. 1. PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for identification of studies via databases. More about this image found in PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for identification of studies via databases.

Fig. 1. Data generated from flexible ureteroscope with real-time intrarenal pressure (IRP) sensing. Key data include procedure time of 13.5 min, mean IRP of 12 mmHg, peak IRP of 103 mmHg, and 65 s spent at IRP >30 mmHg. More about this image found in Data generated from flexible ureteroscope with real-time intrarenal pressur...

Fig. 2. Forest plot of complication risk comparing patients with higher vs. lower mean IRP during PCNL. Patients with higher mean IRP had four times higher odds of a perioperative complication than those with lower IRP ( p < 0.001). More about this image found in Forest plot of complication risk comparing patients with higher vs. lower m...