The effects of nifedipine, a calcium antagonist, on blood pressure and renal regional blood flow were investigated in two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rabbits. At 1 week after left renal artery constriction, in the constricted group, systemic blood pressure (BP) significantly rose with the elevation of plasma renin activity (PRA). In both kidneys, renal vascular resistance (RVR) on the constricted group was significantly increased as compared to that in the control group. In the clipped kidney, total renal blood flow (RBF) and renal cortical blood flow (RCBF) of the constricted group were significantly decreased, while renal medullary blood flow (RMBF) remained at the control value. In the nonclipped kidney, RBF and RCBF of the constricted group did not significantly change, and RMBF was significantly increased as compared to that of the control group. After administration of nifedipine for 1 week (1.0 mg/kg/day), BP in the constricted group was decreased to the control level and PRA in both groups was increased. The percent change of BP in the constricted group was significantly decreased and the percent change of PRA in the constricted group was significantly increased as compared to those in the control group. Nifedipine increased RBF, RCBF and RMBF and decreased RVR of both kidneys in each group. In the nonclipped kidney, the percent change of RBF, RCBF and RMBF of the constricted group was significantly increased and the percent change of RVR was significantly decreased as compared to those of the control group. In the clipped kidney, only the percent change of RBF of the constricted group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The percent change of RVR, RCBF and RMBF were almost at the control levels. In both groups, there were no significant differences between the percent change of RCBF and RMBF of each kidney. These results indicated that nifedipine has an antihypertensive effect associated with a decrease in RVR and an increase in RBF and renal regional blood flow, which are mainly observed in the nonclipped kidney, in the renin-dependent phase of two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertensive rabbits. It is suggested that nifedipine did not cause the shift of the intrarenal blood flow distribution.

Keywords:
Renovascular hypertension, Nifedipine, Renal blood flow, Renal regional blood flow
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© 1990 S. Karger AG, Basel
1990
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