In more than 50% of the reported cases of urinary bilharziasis, upper urinary dilation was due to a stenosis of the ureters or the loss of their tonicity. Out of 125 patients treated for urinary bilharziasis during the last 17 years in Hôpital Necker, Paris, 8 cases presented renal insufficiency (6.4%). Intravenous urography showed bilateral hydronephrosis in 4 cases and unilateral renal dilation of the sole functioning kidney in the remaining cases. Treatment consisted of (1) anthiomaline, cortisone, ureteral catheters (4 cases), (2) colocystoplasty (2 cases), (3) uretero ileo cystoplasty (2 cases) allowing normalization of renal function in 7 cases. Seven surviving patients were followed for an average period of 19 months. One patient died from septicemia on the fourth day after retrograde pyelogram. Prognosis of the disease depends on the degree of renal dilation. Patients should be operated upon before ureteral tonicity and renal function become severely impaired.

Keywords:
Schistosomiasis, Urogenital bilharziasis, Renal insufficiency, Ureteral stenosis, Pyeloureteral dilation
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© 1974 S. Karger AG, Basel
1974
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